Monday, 17 October 2016

Summary of Chapter 1

 TOPIC 1 : INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION      TECHNOLOGY

1.1 Overview of Information Technology

Explain Information Technology

Definition Information Technology : Is the use of computer hardware and software to store, retrieve, and manipulate information

Advantages of IT :
  • To efficiently and effectively access and search for information
  • Improves communication trough communication technology
  • Improves data storage and file management
  • To manages finances via online banking
  • To shop for products and service via online shopping
Disadvantages of IT :
  • Reduce job opportunity
  • Security breaches
  • Higher cost of hardware and software installation
  • Health risks
  • Over independence on IT makes students less active and innovative
  • Pirating

Discuss the Applications of IT

      Education

  • Learning management system
  • Library Loan System
  • Online Tuition
  • Educational Software
  • E-learning Web sites
  • E-test

      Finance/Banking
  • Online Banking
  • Electronic payment system
  • Finance Investment System
  • Online investing system
     
     Health Care
  • Surgery Simulation
  • Health care website
  • Telepharmacy
  • Telemedicine
  • Telesurgery
  • Monitoring of patient
    Science
  • Capsule Endoscopy system
  • Cochlear Implants
  • Electrodes implant
  • Cardiac peacemaker implant
  • Neural Network
  • Virtual Reality
     Travel
  • Global Positioning System (GPS)
  • Car Navigation System
  • Online reservation system/booking system
  • E-ticketing system
     Government
  • e-Filling
  • e-Penyata Gaji dan Laporan
  • UPU online
  • E-syariah
     Manufacturing
  • Computer-aided manufacturing
  • Computer-aided design
     Publishing
  • Online Photo Printing
  • Online Card Printing

Summary of Chapter 3

TOPIC 3.0 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY

 3.1       Network Basics


 Definition of Network

-                               
       A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media allowing computers to share resources
          

 Definition of Communications Device

-          Hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions and information to and from one or more computer
      Examples : Modem, Router, Switch, Wireless Access Point, Hub, Network Interface Card, Repeater

Definition of Transmission Media

The type of physical system to carry a communication signal from one system to another
Types : Physical transmission media & Wireless transmission media
  •         Physical transmission media : Send signals through cable, wire or tangible materials

       Example : Twisted-pair cable, Fiber optic cable, Coaxial cable
  •        Wireless transmission media : Send signal through air or space

      Example : Communication satellite, Broadcast radio, Cellular radio,         
      Infrared, Microwaves, Bluetooth

 Advantages of Network

Hardware Sharing
Data sharing
 Connectivity and Communication
Internet Access Sharing

      Disadvantages of Network

            Undesirable Sharing
      Data Security Concerns
      Security Issues
      Illegal or Undesirable Behavior
       Network Hardware, Software and Setup Costs
      Expense cost


3.1.2 Network Architecture


3.1.3    Network Topology


 A network topology refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communications network

 Physical Topology : Refers to the configuration of cables, computers, and other peripherals

 Logical Topology : Refers how signal travels along the physical path

-          Types of network topology

  •              Bus Network Topology : A bus network consist of a single central cable to which all computers and other device connect
  •              Ring Network Topology : On a ring network, a cable forms a closed loop with all computers and devices arranged along the ring
  •              Star Network Topology : All computers and other devices on the network connect to a central device (hub/switch) thus forming a star


3.1.4 Classification of Network

 Classifies of Network

  •  Local Area Network (LAN)
          Definition : Is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area (within the same building) such as a home, school computer lab and office building
         Areas of coverage : LANs located in a limited geographical area (within the same building) such as a home, school computer laboratory, office building
         Ownership : LANs are owned and operated by individual organizations
         Types : Personal Area Network (PAN) & Home Area Network (HAN)

  • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN
          Definition  : Is a high-speed network that connects local area networks (LANs) in a                
          metropolitan area such as campuses, offices, government, that are frequently used as links between building
         Area of coverage : MANs connects local area networks (LANs) in a metropolitan area such as campuses, offices, and government, that are frequently used as links between buildings.
          Ownership : MANs are owned by a group of users who jointly own and operate the network
  • Wide Area Network (WAN)
          Definition : A network that covers a large geographical area located within a countryside and worldwide networks such as a city, country or the world
         Area of coverage : WANs is a large geographical area located within a countryside
         Ownership : WANs have no ownership

3.2 The Internet

3.2.1 Overview of the Internet

3.2.1.1 Introduction to the Internet

Categories
Internet
Intranet
Extranet
Definition
The largest and most well-known computer network, linking millions of computers all over the world
Is a network that belongs to an enterprise and is a accessible only by that enterprise’s employee or authorized user
Is a private network that connects more than one organizations that use internet technologies to allow suppliers, customers and a business partner limited access to their network
Types of user
Accessible to every user all over the world
Accessible only to authorized company employee ONLY
Accessible only to company’s employee and outside authorized partner
Usages
Provide information for public
Provide information for organization employees
Provide information to suppliers, customers and business partner
Security
Loose – Security control is a lower
Higher – Security control are higher
High – Security control are high
Type of access
Unlimited, public; no restrictions
Private and restricted
Private and outside authorized partner
Information
General, public and advertisement
Specific, corporate and proprietary
Shared in authorize collaborating group

3.2.1.2 The Internet Connection

  •       Dial-Up Connection : Low speed connection where modem in your computer connects to the Internet via a standard telephone line that transmit data and information using an analog signal
  •       High-speed Broadband Internet Connection : High speed Internet connection provide through DSL, FTTP, fixed wireless, Wi-Fi, cellular radio cable internet services and satellite internet service

      3.2.1.3 Internet Service Provider


Definition :Is a business that provides individual and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
Responsibilities:
  •     Providing and maintaining a connection to the Internet
  •     To provide 24-hour customer service and technical support
  •        Support the hardware and software needed for the Internet service

Examples : TMNet, TimeNet, Maxis, Celcom

3.2.1.4 The Internet Address

Definition of IP Address : An IP Address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet

Purpose of an IP Address :
  •   Uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the internet and its allow sending data and information to a computer at a specific destination


IPv4
IPv6
Format
Consists of 4 parts of decimal number and separated by dotted in range of 0-255
Consists of hexadecimal number, separated by colon (:) in range of 0-FFFF
Address size
32 bits
128 bits

Definition of Domain Name : Is a text version of an IP address

3.2.2 World Wide Web

3.2.2.1 Web Browser

            Definition of WWW : Consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents
            Definition of Web Browser : A web browser is applications software that allow users to access and view web pages and web 2.0 program
Example of Web Browser : Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera, Google Chrome


3.2.2.2 Web Address

            Definition of Web Address : Is unique address for a Web page, also called a URL
            Web Address consists of :
  •      A Protocol
  •      Domain Name
  •       Path
  •       Web page name


3.2.2.3 Web Page Navigation

           
Hypertext
·         Refers to the links in text-based documents
Hypermedia
·         Combines text-based links with graphic, audio, and video links

3.2.2.4 Web Searching

Search Engines
Subject Directory
A search tool that finds information by entering words or phrase called search text
A search tool classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories and subcategories

Monday, 3 October 2016

Kolej Matrikulasi Negeri Sembilan, KMNS

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim


#kmnsdihatiku#

"KAMI MENJANA NILAI DAN SKOR"

Baiklah, untuk entri seterusnya saya akan berkongsi kepada anda semua kolej di mana saya sedang menuntut ilmu iaitu Kolej Matrikulasi Negeri Sembilan, KMNS :)

Untuk makluman semua, KMNS merupakan salah satu kolej matrikulasi yang berada di 'ranking' ketiga teratas dan saya pasti sesiapa sahaja yang telah mahupun bakal menjejakkan kaki di sini akan merasakan bangga kerana menjadi salah seorang warga KMNS.

 KMNS menawarkan 3 aliran iaitu,

  • Aliran Sains PST (Program Satu Tahun)
  • Aliran Sains PDT (Program Dua Tahun)
  • Akaun


 KMNS juga menawarkan kemudahan yang kondusif untuk para pelajarnya.

Antaranya ialah,

OSC ataupun One Stop Centre merupakan tempat tumpuan pelajar untuk mengulangkaji pelajaran ataupun mencari maklumat kerana di kawasan ini disediakan Wi-Fi yang memudahkan para pelajar menggunakan Internet untuk mencari maklumat.

Di KMNS terdapat tiga blok (A,B,C) dimana dua blok (A,C) dikhaskan untuk pelajar perempuan manakala satu blok (B) untuk pelajar lelaki. Setiap blok dibahagikan kepada 5 blok iaitu A1 A2 A3 A4 A5, begitu juga untuk blok B dan C. Setiap Blok mempunyai 4 aras dan setiap aras memiliki 14 bilik dimana didalam setiap bilik mempunyai 4 orang penghuni.




Laboratory




Gambar diatas menunjukkan kawasan makmal yang biasa digunakan untuk pelajar menghadiri kelas amali mahupun kelas tutorial. Bangunan makmal mempunyai 4 tingkat yang dibahagikan kepada 3 bahagian iaitu untuk Makmal Biologi, Makmal Kimia dan Makmal Fizik. Kesemua makmal itu ditempat hanya pada satu bangunan sahaja.

Perpustakaan Za'ba yang terletak di tingkat dua





Mustahil jika sesebuah institusi pengajian tidak mempunyai tempat untuk menimba ilmu pegetahuan. Di KMNS, Perpustakaan Za'ba merupakan tempat untuk para pelajar menghabiskan masa yang terluang untuk membaca ataupun mengulang kaji pelajaran. Kemudahan yang disediakan oleh pihak perpustakaan kepada pelajar sangatlah  menyelesakan.


Image result for court tennis kmns
Gelanggang Tennis

Sesiapa yang mempunyai hobi ataupun berminat untuk bermain tennis, anda tidak perlu risau. Kerana pihak kolej juga menyediakan Gelanggang Tennis untuk para pelajar beriadah pada waktu petang. Waktu petang selepas berakhirnya waktu pembelajaran di sini sangat menyeronokkan. Kerana anda dapat melihat para pelajar mengisi masa petang mereka dengan beriadah. Pada waktu ini, tidak kira anda seorang 'Senior' mahupun 'Junior', tidak kira anda, daripada Modul 1,2 ataupun 3, tidak kira anda daripada jurusan Sains ataupun Akaun, kita akan bersama-sama menghabiskan masa, beriadah dan menghilangkan tekanan setelah sepanjang hari mentelaah buku.



 
Image result for surau kmns
Surau Al-Mutaqqin
Image result for gelanggang skuasy kmns
Gelanggang Skuasy
 
Baiklah, saya rasa cukup sampai sini sahaja saya berkongsi kepada anda semua mengenai KMNS. Jika anda ingin melihat lebih banyak gambar di KMNS, anda boleh melayari Internet ataupun melawat sahaja Portal KMNS.
*Moga Allah redha*

Task Puan Ros Azura

 
Science Computer Task (SC015)
Session 2016/2017
Network Architecture 
Peer-to-peer 
Client-Server

Name: Nur Amelia Atika binti Mazlan

Matric Number: MS1612604319

Lecturer's Name: Pn. Ros Azura


 
Table of Contents
Peer-to-peer Network3
Definition of Peer-to-peer Network3
Details about Peer-to-peer Network3
Advantages and Disadvantages of a Peer-to-peer Network3
Example of Diagram3
Client-Server Network4
Definition Client-Server Network4
Details about Client-Server Network4
Advantages and Disadvantages Client-Server Network5
Example of Diagram5
Differentiation between Peer-to-peer Network and Client-Server Network5

 

Peer-to-peer Network


Definition of Peer-to-peer Network


  • A network model in which all computers can function clients or servers as needed, and there no centralize control over network resources.
  • Network which all of computers has equal responsibilities and capabilities, sharing hardware (such as printer), data or information with other computer.


Details about Peer-to-peer Network


  • Most computers function as clients or servers.
  • Example: A computer can act as a server by sharing a printer it's connected to and at the same time act as client by accessing a file shared by another computer on the network.

Advantages and Disadvantages of a Peer-to-peer Network


Advantages:
  • Less startup cost to setup the network architecture-No need for a server
  • Easy to install and configure for the computers in the network
  • When a peer fails it will not affect other peers so the network is reliable

Disadvantages:
  • Decentralized – No central repository for files and applications
  • Less security – Does not provide the security available on a client/server network
  • Every user is taking care is his/her own machine

Example of Diagram


Client-Server Network


Definition Client-Server Network


  • Network in which one or more computers act as a server and the other computers (clients) on the network request services from the server.
  • Network in which one powerful computer coordinates and supplies services to all other nodes on a network.


Details about Client-Server Network


Client-Server
  • Computer can connected together to create a network which fall into two categories; clients (workstations) and server

The Client
The Server
Computer on a network that requests resources from the server. Also called a workstation. Computer that controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network, and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information


Note: Server can be a mainframe computer used in a network environment


Server
Servers are special, powerful computers that provide 'services' to the client computers on the network.

  • These services might include :
    - Providing a central, common file storage area
    - Sharing hardware such as printers
    - Controlling who can or can't have access the network
    - Sharing internet connections
  • An architecture in which the user's PC (the client) is the requesting machine, and the server is the supplying machine, both of which are connected via a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet.

Advantages and Disadvantages Client-Server Network


Advantages:
  • Centralized – Resources and data security are controlled through the server.
  • Scalability – Any or all elements can be replaced individually as needs increase.
  • Flexibilty – New technology can be easily intergrated into system.
  • Interoperability – All components (client/network/server) work together.
  • Accessibility – Server can be accessed remotely and across multiple platforms.

Disadvantages:
  • Expense – Requires initial investment in dedicated server.
  • Maintenance – Large networks will require a staff to ensure efficient operation.
  • Dependence – When server goes down, operations will cease cross the network


Example of Diagram

 

Differentiation between Peer-to-peer Network and Client-Server Network


Client-Server
Peer to peer
Computers/nodes request services from the server Each individual computers acts as both the service provide and the service consumer
Software installation in the server only Software installation for all computer
Easy to manage the resources in the network (server existence facilitate the distribution of the resources) Difficult to manage the resources in the network
Higher cabling cost Less cabling cost
Security control by server (centralized) Security control by their own

[N1][N2][N3]

Bibliography
N1: Lecturer's Science Computer, Network Architecture, 2016
N2: , , , https://www.google.com/search?q=images+of+client+server+architecture&client=firefox-b&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj06-mCs-jOAhUfT48KHc14DUoQ_AUICCgB&biw=1366&bih=657#tbm=isch&q=peer+to+peer+network&imgrc=_
N3: , Client Server, , https://www.google.com/search?q=google+images&client=firefox-b&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj_pdzc4_nOAhUIuY8KHTGTBO4Q_AUICCgB&biw=1366&bih=657#tbm=isch&q=client+server+network&imgrc=_